The Allacher Forest is a

forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...

north of

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

, in the district of

Allach-Untermenzing Allach-Untermenzing (Central Bavarian: ''Allach-Untamenzing'') is the 23rd borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Allach Situated in extreme northwest of the city, the borough consists of the municipalities of Allach and Untermenzing. Allach was ...

Location

The Allacher Forest is located north of the Munich North marshalling train yard, between the Munich districts of Allach, Ludwigsfeld and

Karlsfeld Karlsfeld is a municipality in the district of Dachau, in Bavaria, Germany. During World War II, it was the location of a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp. The municipality is situated 12 km northwest of Munich (centre). The headquar ...

, a municipality of the district of Dachau. Allacher Forst

Ecosystem

The Allacher Forest is a remnant of the former ''Lohwaldgürtel'' north of Munich with over 1 km² area. In addition to old linden trees and

oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...

trees, there are also

sycamore Sycamore is a name which has been applied to several types of trees, but with somewhat similar leaf forms. The name derives from the ancient Greek ' (''sūkomoros'') meaning "fig-mulberry". Species of trees known as sycamore: * ''Acer pseudoplata ...

maples,

spruce A spruce is a tree of the genus ''Picea'' (), a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth. ''Picea'' is the sole genus in the subfami ...

s, mountain elms,

pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. The World Flora Online created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden accep ...

trees and

ash Ash or ashes are the solid remnants of fires. Specifically, ''ash'' refers to all non-aqueous, non- gaseous residues that remain after something burns. In analytical chemistry, to analyse the mineral and metal content of chemical samples, ash ...

trees. Numerous types of flowers bloom here in the spring - including

lungwort ''Pulmonaria'' (lungwort) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, native to Europe and western Asia, with one species (''P. mollissima'') east to central Asia. According to various estimates there may be between 10 and 18 spe ...

, cowslip or

wood anemone The phrase wood anemone is used in common names for several closely related species of flowering plants in genus ''Anemonoides'', including: * ''Anemonoides nemorosa ''Anemonoides nemorosa'' (syn. ''Anemone nemorosa''), the wood anemone, is an e ...

. In addition, there are more than 300 different types of

mushrooms A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the na ...

there. The Munich North marshalling yard - a large

displacement Displacement may refer to: Physical sciences Mathematics and Physics *Displacement (geometry), is the difference between the final and initial position of a point trajectory (for instance, the center of mass of a moving object). The actual path ...

and container station, was built on the southern edge of the Allacher Forest in 1991. This led to criticism from

conservationists The conservation movement, also known as nature conservation, is a political, environmental, and social movement that seeks to manage and protect natural resources, including animal, fungus, and plant species as well as their habitat for the f ...

since 174 hectares of

biotope A biotope is an area of uniform environmental conditions providing a living place for a specific assemblage of plants and animals. ''Biotope'' is almost synonymous with the term "habitat", which is more commonly used in English-speaking countrie ...

area was destroyed. On a 5 km long and 500 m wide area, with 356 connections and over 120 km of tracks, up to 4000

railway cars A railroad car, railcar (American and Canadian English), railway wagon, railway carriage, railway truck, railwagon, railcarriage or railtruck (British English and UIC), also called a train car, train wagon, train carriage or train truck, is ...

are handled there every day. The Allacher Forest is now a rare

riparian forest A riparian forest or riparian woodland is a forested or wooded area of land adjacent to a body of water such as a river, stream, pond, lake, marshland, estuary, canal, sink or reservoir. Etymology The term riparian comes from the Latin word '' ...

, that after massive protests from the population and the experts, the A99 motorway ring Munich Northwest crosses under the Allacher Forst in the so-called ''Tunnel Allach''. The landscape lake ''Allacher Lohe'', as well as a forest classroom are found in the forest. The Allacher Forest is designated as a nature conservation reserve (NSG-00573.01, WDPA ID: 318087) and the northwestern part is also a landscape

conservation area Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values. There are several kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of protection depending on the ena ...

(LSG-00120.06, WDPA ID: 395563). Furthermore, the Allacher Forst is reported together with the south located Angerlohe as a fauna-flora-habitat area (FFH area No. 7734-302) for the European biotope network to the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...

. The Allacher Forest is part of the ''Münchner Grüngürtel'' (Munich green belt).

References

External links

{{Commonscat, Allacher Lohe, 3=S
Nature reserves in Munich

Ma pof protected biotopes
Protected landscapes in Germany Tourist attractions in Munich